Audible instructions

When navigating in Waze with all sound turned on (rather than alerts only), Waze will issue various audible instructions at various times in order to prepare and inform the user to make a certain movement.

The occurrence, timing and format of these instructions do not depend upon the language of the voice, but they do depend upon whether the voice chosen to speak the instructions includes street names. Voices that include street names are speech synthesizers, which convert text to speech (TTS). Voices that do not include street names are simple collections of recorded phrases. We'll call these two categories of voices "TTS" and "non-TTS" respectively.

TTS

TTS voices are sophisticated speech engines, which not only say street names, but also place names and more detailed information in general regarding navigation and alerts. These include Jane, which speaks US English; Kate and Thomas, which speak UK English; and also Javier, Marusya and dozens of others in various languages.

From a TTS voice there are four possible audible instructions before a movement. Depending upon speed, distances, and timing, anywhere from one to four of these instructions may be heard. We'll call them the initial, attention, approach and final instructions. For simplicity we'll also assign them the letters A through D.

Initial instruction (A)

Instruction A is given a few seconds after the previous movement (or, if the previous movement is onto a ramp, a few seconds after exiting the ramp(s) onto which the previous instruction brought you), unless you are so close to the next movement that there is not enough time to give both instruction A and D (in which case only instruction D is given).

Format depends on distance to next movement.

• If distance to next movement > 4.35 mi (7.0 km), "Continue for (x hours and) y minutes to [street name]"
• If distance to next movement < 4.35 mi (7.0 km), "In [distance], [instruction] [on/to] [street name]"

Distance to next movement	Example
> 4.35 mi (7.0 km)	Continue straight for 15 minutes to Rue Royale
	Continue straight for 2 hours and 15 minutes to Exit 123: I-45 N / Bakerstown
< 4.35 mi (7.0 km)	In 700 feet, turn left on Brightview Blvd
	In 2.1 miles, exit to Exit 98: SR-76 / Chilltown

Attention instruction (B)

Instruction B is intended to bring the driver's attention back to navigation after a long period of stasis. It is given at the point where the movement is expected to be 5 minutes away, but only if it's been at least 15-20 minutes since instruction A. While the timing of the instruction is time-based, the instruction is given in distance.

Format: "In [x] miles, [instruction] [on/to] [street name]"

examples
In 3.4 miles, turn left on Brightview Blvd
In 6 miles, exit right to Exit 98: SR-76 / Chilltown

Approach instruction (C)

Instruction C is given at a certain distance from the movement depending on your speed as detected at that point, unless the prior instruction was given too close to the timing of instruction C. The street name may or may not be included, depending on how long it has been since Instruction A (a couple minutes).

Format: "In [distance], [instruction] ([on/to] [street name]"

speed range	distance	example
0 – 43.5 mph (0 – 70 km/h)	1000 ft	In one thousand feet, turn right
43.5 – 55.9 mph (70 – 90 km/h)	0.5 mi	In half a mile, exit left
55.9 – 93.2 mph (90 – 150 km/h)	1 mi	In one mile, stay to the right to I-75 N
93.2+ mph (150+ km/h)	2 mi	In two miles, exit right

Final instruction (D)

Instruction D is given every time, just before the movement (unless you make the turn before Waze has a chance to call it out).

Format: "[instruction] [on/to] [street name]"

examples
Turn right on Main St
Exit left to Exit 234B: Poydras St / Superdome

Combined instructions

If, based on the speed of the user, Waze expects a second movement to occur within about 30 seconds after the upcoming movement, it will tack a second instruction onto the end of instructions C and D separated by "then".

• Format after C: "In [distance], [instruction] ([on/to] [street name])*, then [instruction]"
  • *street name only said if street names following both instructions are identical or inherited
• Format after D: "[instruction] ([on/to] [street name])**, then [instruction] [on/to] [street name]"
  • **first street name only said if street names following each instruction are different

examples
In two miles, exit right to Exit 5A: I-71 S / Cincinnati, then stay to the left
Turn left on N High St, then turn right on Arcadia Ave

Preposition choice

When an English-speaking TTS voice says street names, such as Jane, those names are preceded by "on" or "to" according to a couple factors:

• Following an instruction to exit or stay to the left or right, Waze always says "to" and the street name.
• Following an instruction to turn left or right, continue straight, make a U-turn or do anything at a roundabout, Waze says either "to" or "on" depending on the road type of the next segment past the instruction.
  • If the next segment is a  Ramp , Waze says "to" and the street name.
  • If the next segment is any other road type, Waze says "on" and the street name.

The word "to" at the beginning of any street name, which is common on ramp names in the USA, is never a factor in whether Waze says "to" or "on" and is actually ignored in audible instructions. This means that if the name of a ramp is inherited through an unnamed non-ramp segment, Waze will say "on" and will omit the "to" completely. For example, turning left through a roundabout made of non-ramp segments and onto a ramp with the name "to US-33 W / Lancaster" will produce the audible instruction "at the roundabout, turn left on US-33 W / Lancaster."

Occurrence

The following is the order of the most common occurrence:

• D
• A, D
• A, C, D
• A, B, C, D

This is another way of saying:

• Instruction D is (virtually) always given.
• Instruction A is given only if there will be instruction D and there is enough time for both.
• Instruction C is given only if there was instruction A and there has been enough time since instruction A.
• Instruction B is given only if there will be instruction C (and therefore there was instruction A) and there has been enough time since instruction A.

Notes

• After instruction A, the exit direction is not given. This can be confusing where a left exit follows shortly after another movement on a highway, since drivers may assume a right exit based.
• English-speaking TTS voices say "stay to the" rather than "keep" for keep left/right instructions.
• Street names are never spoken after "at the roundabout continue straight" or "at the roundabout make a U-turn" instructions unless they are combined with a different instruction.

Flowchart

Non-TTS

Non-TTS voices are sets of recorded phrases. These include Amy and Nathan, any novelty voice like Boy Band, most other voices in other languages, and any user-recorded voices. The voice recorder contains the extent of what all non-TTS voices can say, and it is viewable in by tapping "record new voice" in the Waze voice menu.

From a non-TTS voice there are three possible audible instructions before a movement. Depending upon speed, distances, and timing, anywhere from one to three of these instructions may be heard. We'll call them first approach, second approach, and final instructions. For simplicity, we'll also assign them numbers 1 through 3.

First approach instruction (1)

The first approach instruction is given when enough time and advance distance is available for it. The actual distance from the previous movement to the next movement is rounded up to give the distance used in the instruction.

Format: "In [distance], [instruction]"

speed and/or distance to next movement	example
< 0.1 mi	In 0.1 miles, continue straight
0.1 mi - 0.25 mi	In a quarter of a mile, turn right
0.25 - 0.5 mi	In half a mile, at the roundabout turn left
0-43.5 mph (0-70 km/h) and > 0.25 mi
43.5+ mph (70+ km/h) and > 0.5 mi	In 1 mile, make a U-turn

Second approach instruction (2)

A second approach instruction is given at a certain distance from the movement depending on your speed, unless the first approach instruction was given too close to the timing of the second.

Format: "In [distance], [instruction]"

Speed	Example
0-43.5 mph (0-70 km/h)	In 0.1 miles, keep right
43.5+ mph (70+ km/h)	In a quarter of a mile, exit left

Final instruction (3)

The final instruction is given every time, just before the movement (unless you make the turn before Waze has a chance to call it out).

Format: "[instruction]"

Examples
Turn left
At the roundabout take the fifth exit

Combined instructions

If a second movement is planned less than around 500 feet from the first, Waze will tack a second instruction onto the end of any instruction less than a quarter of a mile away from the first movement, separated by "and then".

Format: "(In [distance],) [instruction], and then [instruction]"

Examples
In 0.1 miles, turn left, and then turn right
Exit right, and then keep left

Occurrence

The following is the order of the most common occurrence:

• 3
• 1, 3
• 1, 2, 3

This is another way of saying:

• Instruction 3 is (virtually) always given.
• Instruction 1 is given only if there will be instruction 3 and there is enough time for both.
• Instruction 2 is given only if there was instruction 1 and there has been enough time since instruction 1.